Die Studie zeigt, dass Autobiographien weit mehr sind als individuelle Lebensentwürfe. Vor allem Autobiographien von Paaren zeugen von den Schnittstellen gemeinsamen Lebens und Schreibens. Sie bieten sich in herausragender Weise an, die Zweistimmigkeit im Leben und Schreiben von Paaren in den Blick zu nehmen und relationale Dimensionen des Lebens in kreativen Schaffensprozessen als ethisches und ästhetisches Moment wahrzunehmen. Dem komplexen Beziehungsgeflecht von Autobiographien wird hier am Beispiel des bekannten spanischen Schriftstellerpaares María Teresa León und Rafael Alberti nachgespürt. Über die (...) individuellen Prägungen der Autobiographien hinaus wird das Netz, das zwischen beiden Autoren und Texten im autobiographischen Schreiben gesponnen wurde, aufgedeckt und einer Stereophonie der Autobiographie Raum gegeben. (shrink)

A growing body of research has suggested that high levels of family functioning—often measured as positive parent–child communication and low levels of parental stress—are associated with stronger cognitive development, higher levels of school engagement, and more successful peer relations as youth age. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought tremendous disruption to various aspects of daily life, especially for parents of young children, ages 3–5, who face isolation, disconnection, and unprecedented changes to how they engage and socialize. Fortunately, both youth and parent (...) brains are plastic and receptive to change. Resilience research shows that factors such as engaging in acts of kindness, developing trusting relationships, and responding compassionately to the feelings of others can help lay new neural pathways and improve quality of life. Yet, little research has investigated the effects of brain healthy parental practices of kindness with pre-school aged children. The current study examines whether an interactive, parent–child kindness curriculum can serve as a potentiator for brain health as measured by resilience and child empathy levels. During a peak of the pandemic, mother participants between the ages of 26–46 completed questionnaires on parental resilience levels and parent-reported child empathic pro-social behaviors before and after engaging in a 4 weeks online, self-paced, kindness curriculum. Half of the group received additional brain health education explaining the principles of neuroplasticity, empathy, perspective taking, and resiliency. Mothers in both groups showed increased resilience and reported higher levels of empathic behavior in their child after completing the curriculum. There was no significant difference between groups. Comparison of mean resilience levels during COVID-19 to pre-pandemic general means indicated that mothers are reporting significantly lower levels of resilience as well as decreased empathetic behaviors in their children. These results support the notion that kindness is a powerful brain health booster that can increase resilience and empathy. This research study was timely and relevant for parents in light of the myriad of stresses brought about by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. There are broader public health implications for equipping individuals with tools to take a proactive and preventative approach to their brain health. (shrink)

Ante ciertos modelos causales del agente libre inspirados en Tomás de Aquino, resulta interesante atender al modelo causal presentado por Tomás mismo, especialmente en un texto a partir del cual se puede rastrear la exposición de la acción libre como el efecto de los cuatro sentidos causales aristotélicos. Se trata de la cuestión sobre los actos imperados (ST I–II, q. 17); en cuyos primeros cuatro artículos –y en sus textos paralelos– determina que la voluntad es causa agente; la razón práctica, (...) causa ordenadora; y el imperium de ambas (razón y voluntad) se relaciona con el acto imperado como lo formal con lo material. (shrink)

This book is a multi-faceted attempt to understand the psychological mysteries of land, space, native cultures, changing eras, and geographical dislocation. It shows us that many remote and seemingly peaceful areas of the world have their own dark and silent pasts in which their original inhabitants were often brutally wiped out. Weaving history, geography, myth, philosophy, and psychoanalysis together, this book tries to understand why such atrocities were committed, how those subjected to these 'crimes' might have perceived them, and what (...) are the long-term, trans-generational consequences of these historical events. (shrink)

Este artículo se construye en el marco del proyecto de investigación Democracia, igualdad y desacuerdo: conceptos teóricos-metodológicos de Jacques Rancière para pensar la educación en el mundo contemporáneo. El objetivo del proyecto fue la exploración de conceptos como democracia, igualdad y desacuerdo para pensar los sujetos y las realidades educativas desde las lógicas políticas contemporáneas. Como desdoblamiento de la investigación, este artículo explora algunas premisas de Jacques Rancière que permiten pensar las potencialidades políticas de la infancia a partir del reconocimiento (...) de la palabra y del tiempo infantil como formas de experiencia comunitaria. La perspectiva metodológica asume una escritura que elimina las distancias entre los discursos de los filósofos y las voces de las niñas y los niños para afirmar la potencia que tienen sus palabras al momento de pensar un problema filosófico. En este ejercicio de escritura y lectura no jerárquicas se puede apreciar que las palabras de la infancia no son el reflejo, la expresión ni el símbolo de una realidad teórica más elevada, sino que funcionan como condición de posibilidad para que el pensamiento no se detenga. Precisamente, no se busca escribir sobre la infancia, sino con la infancia. No se intenta hallar la verdad de la infancia, sino aprovechar la potencia de sus voces para acorralar al sentido común. De tal forma, se establece la relación entre conflicto político, estatuto de la palabra, infancia e igualdad, lo cual indica la capacidad de la infancia para renovar el sentido de los conceptos sobre los que se fundamenta la sociedad. Por último, se expone que la infancia es una forma de subjetividad que experimenta la temporalidad a partir de la afirmación de intensidades signadas por la curiosidad y la creatividad. Por esto, se constituye como una forma de experiencia política que es capaz de inventar temporalidades múltiples que subvierten el orden de la dominación. (shrink)

Abstract“Patient-centred care” is the recent response to the malaise produced in the field of health care from the point of view both of a technical mentality and the paternalistic model. The interest in the story-telling approach shown by both the humanities and the social sciences has favoured a “narrative turn” in medicine too, where the new ethics of therapeutic relationship consider the hermeneutic method a means by which to integrate evidence and subjectivity, scientific data and patient experience. The aim of (...) this paper is to show how Ricoeur’s theory of “threefold mimesis” makes a conceptual contribution to the use of narrative interviews in nursing and also be successfully transferred into and applied in the field of healthcare in general. First, the paper examines how this narrative approach might open up new possibilities for the acquisition of in-depth knowledge of patients’ life experiences, a condition indispensable for the improvement of the quality of care. Secondly, it highlights how this Ricoeurian method seems capable of provide an opportunity for healthcare professionals to review their own understanding of the caregiver-patient therapeutic relationship, beginning with their confrontation with the patient’s world as revealed by the narrative they provide. (shrink)

Julián Marías (1914-2005) è un pensatore ancora poco conosciuto al lettore italiano, spesso oscurato dall’ombra del suo celebre maestro, José Ortega y Gasset. Filosofo indipendente e coraggioso, offre una proposta più coerente rispetto a Ortega sul tema essenziale comune a entrambi: il poter “dare ragione” della vita evitando gli opposti scogli del razionalismo e del vitalismo. “Dare ragione” della vita significa comprenderla nella sua “condizione morale” che trova espressione nel desiderio di felicità, nell’esigenza di amore e di amicizia, nei differenti (...) vissuti di ciascuna età. Significa riconoscerne la dimensione elettiva: vivere è preferire, saper fornire ragioni per l’opzione di qualcosa rispetto a qualcos’altro. Per questo motivo, più che alla categoria del bene, l’attenzione è rivolta a quella del meglio, fondamentale per comprendere il senso pieno delle proprie scelte e dell’intera trama della propria biografia. (shrink)

Elaboração uma proposta de projeto de tese. Notas destinadas aos doutorandos de Filosofia da Educação Resumo: Neste texto procurarei indicar possibilidades de elaboração de uma proposta configurável como Projeto de Tese, de modo a ser submetida a apreciação de um júri académico e, se aprovada, dar início à investigação. Refuta-se a ideia comum de que uma proposta curta não é suficientemente esclarecedora e representativa do Projeto de Tese, referindo o investimento exigido para alcançar uma versão depurada, clara e cientificamente correta. (...) Não se trata, em contrapartida, de apresentar uma fórmula mágica ou de padronizar exemplos, o que anularia o valor pedagógico e epistemológico do texto. Trata-se, sim, de procurar uma forma razoável capaz de estruturar um plano de estudo em Filosofia da Educação. Neste sentido serão considerados todos os campos constitutivos da Proposta de Projeto de Tese, concluindo-se que a sua elaboração, antecipatória da Tese, corresponde já ao exercício filosófico dotado de valor racional. Seguindo uma linha explicativa-interpretativa, tomam-se para referência textos que contribuem para aproximar o exercício filosófico de uma metodologia académica que sem ignorar a especificidade funciona como regulador comum. Palavras-chave: Pesquisar; Doutoramento; Exercício filosófico. Guide for a thesis project proposal. Some notes aimed at PhD students of Philosophy of Education Abstract: In this text I will try to indicate possibilities of writting a thesis project proposal, in order to be submitted and appreciated by an academic jury. If it passes, the investigation can begin. The common idea that a short proposal is not quite enlightening and representative of the Thesis Project is refuted. It is argued that a short, clear and scientifically correct version is based on an enormous amount of research. There is no magic formula or standard example here. If so, it would nullify the pedagogical and epistemological value of the text. A reasonable way of structuring a study plan in Philosophy of Education is presented here. In this sense, it will be considered topics such as summary, detailed description, objectives, state of art, bibliography and schedule. The conclusion has two points: one, the proposal anticipates the PhD thesis itself; another one, the proposal is a philosophical exercise with a rational value. An explanatory-interpretative line follows as a methodological approach. Although the text does not ignore the specificity of the philosophical exercise, the considerations are common to other areas of knowledge. Keywords: Research; Phd Course; Philosophical exercise. Elaboración de una propuesta de proyecto de tesis. Algunas notas para los estudiantes de doctorado en Filosofía de la Educación Resumen: En este texto intentaré indicar las posibilidades de elaborar una propuesta configurable como Proyecto de Tesis, para ser sometido a la apreciación de un jurado académico y, si se aprueba, comenzar la investigación. La idea común de que una propuesta corta no es lo suficientemente esclarecedora y representativa del Proyecto de Tesis es refutada, refiriéndose a la inversión requerida para lograr una versión purificada, clara y científicamente correcta. Por otro lado, no se trata de presentar una fórmula mágica o estandarizar ejemplos, lo que anularía el valor pedagógico y epistemológico del texto. Se trata de buscar una forma razonable capaz de estructurar un plan de estudios en Filosofía de la Educación. En este sentido, se considerarán todos los campos constitutivos de la Propuesta de Proyecto de Tesis, concluyendo que su preparación, anticipadora de la Tesis, ya corresponde al ejercicio filosófico dotado de valor racional. Siguiendo una línea explicativa-interpretativa, los textos que contribuyen a acercar el ejercicio filosófico a una metodología académica que sin ignorar la especificidad funciona como un regulador común se toman como referencia. Palabras clave: Investigación; Doctorado; Ejercicio filosófico. Data de registro: 11/09/2020 Data de aceite: 29/09/2021. (shrink)

In his main work, The Science of Legislation , the Neapolitan Gaetano Filangieri proposed a set of extensive political and cultural reforms. These reforms were necessary to free eighteenth-century societies from the remnants of feudal institutions that obstructed international peace and economic growth. Filangieri's ideas were shaped by the international political climate between the seven Years’ War and the eve of the French Revolution. Reinterpreting Montesquieu and Genovesi through the influences of French radical and Enlightenment thought , as well as (...) the economics of Hume, Verri and the Physiocrats, he concluded that European modernity was inherently contradictory.From this perspective Filangieri set out to force a clean break between the technical horizons of mercantilism and enlightened absolutism and a society based on civil rights, a fair distribution of wealth and resources, and free trade. Proper ‘scientific’ knowledge of the rules and principles of legislation would allow governments to balance out the natural and cultural factors that characterise individual states, and to identify the appropriate model for social and economic development. If all states acted on their proper interest, international free trade and peaceful competition between states would emerge and the potential for general economic growth be materialised. Thus, the natural equilibrium and ‘universal consensus’ among nations could be restored. (shrink)

En este artículo se defiende la siguiente tesis: Wittgenstein “exorciza” los argumentos escépticos mostrando una concepción alternativa del lenguaje y del conocimiento que ha dado en caracterizarse como naturalismo y quietismo. Y se ofrece un deslinde entre los planteamientos quietistas y naturalistas wittgensteinianos y el naturalismo propio del empirismo mínimo de McDowell. A diferencia de este último, la propuesta wittgensteiniana nos ofrece la posibilidad de rechazar el reto escéptico.

Mathematical correspondence offers a rich heritage for the history of mathematics and science, as well as cultural history and other areas. It naturally covers a vast range of topics, and not only of a scientific nature; it includes letters between mathematicians, but also between mathematicians and politicians, publishers, and men or women of culture. Wallis, Leibniz, the Bernoullis, D'Alembert, Condorcet, Lagrange, Gauss, Hermite, Betti, Cremona, Poincaré and van der Waerden are undoubtedly authors of great interest and their letters are valuable (...) documents, but the correspondence of less well-known authors, too, can often make an equally important contribution to our understanding of developments in the history of science. Mathematical correspondences also play an important role in the editions of collected works, contributing to the reconstruction of scientific biographies, as well as the genesis of scientific ideas, and in the correct dating and interpretation of scientific writings. This volume is based on the symposium “Mathematical Correspondences and Critical Editions,” held at the 6th International Conference of the ESHS in Lisbon, Portugal in 2014. In the context of the more than fifteen major and minor editions of mathematical correspondences and collected works presented in detail, the volume discusses issues such as • History and prospects of past and ongoing edition projects, • Critical aspects of past editions, • The complementary role of printed and digital editions, • Integral and partial editions of correspondence, • Reproduction techniques for manuscripts, images and formulae, and the editorial challenges and opportunities presented by digital technology. (shrink)

Este artículo está motivado por el problema de la responsabilidad colectiva frente a las acciones cometidas por nuestros antepasados y por la pregunta acerca de la legitimidad de las demandas de perdón. Acudiendo al universo conceptual heredado de Hannah Arendt, en este texto se aboga por el ejercicio de la capacidad de juicio como detonante tanto de la demanda de perdón como de la responsabilidad colectiva. El perdón se presenta así no solo como una categoría moral sino fundamentalmente política, imprescindible (...) para reconciliarse con lo acontecido y mirar al futuro con esperanza. (shrink)

This contribution presents the principal features of ontologies, drawing special attention to the comparison between ontologies and the different kinds of know­ledge organization systems (KOS). The focus is on the semantic richness exhibited by ontologies, which allows the creation of a great number of relationships between terms. That establishes ontologies as the most evolved type of KOS. The concepts of “conceptualization” and “formalization” and the key components of ontologies are described and discussed, along with upper and domain ontologies and special (...) typologies, such as bibliographical ontologies and biomedical ontologies. The use of ontologies in the digital libraries environment, where they have replaced thesauri for query expansion in searching, and the role they are playing in the Semantic Web, especially for semantic interoperability, are sketched. (shrink)

Los diseños experimentales adoptados en las ciencias empíricas traducen y seleccionan exteriorizaciones fenoménicas, de modo tal que ellas constituyan ciertas formas de percepción y posibilidades de comprobación que proceden del "objeto" mismo. En un nivel meta-teórico, podríamos identificar en tales diseños reduccionismos que facilitan toda suerte de simplificaciones epistémicas y metodológicas a costa, de eliminar cosas que necesitan ser entendidas y que son parte de una imagen completa del fenómeno que estudiamos. Por reduccionismo entendemos el proceso de simplificación y operatividad (...) que exige un diseño experimental. Pues bien, tanto Ortega y Gasset como Paul Karl Feyerabend denuncian las consecuencias y absurdos que se siguen de las diversas modalidades de reduccionismos para la misma ciencia. No es novedad en absoluto reconocer en Ortega y Gasset un auténtico filósofo de la ciencia ni mucho menos encontrar afinidades con los grandes representantes de este campo disciplinar. En este trabajo analizaremos como las lecturas orteguianas de esta problemática, así como su propuesta, corre en líneas paralelas a las denuncias de Feyerabend. (shrink)

This essay is an attempt to read Merleau-Ponty’s ln Praise of Philosophy as a text in which the French phenomenologist breaks with Sartre and at the same time states his view on philosophical engagement and the relation between philosophy and politics. By reading this Lecture as a reply to Sartre I shall argue that there is a connection between this text and the lively debate that in the fifties opposed the two French philosophers on the place of philosophy in the (...) Lebenswelt. In the letters exchanged at the time, first edited by François Ewald and published in 1994, one can find evidence for understanding their different views. In the Lecture Merleau-Ponty never mentions either Sartre’s name or his philosophy. However, I shall argue that some of Merleau-Ponty’s most important theses are directed against Sartre, namely, when the former claims that there is an opposition between the philosopher and the man of action (or the professional politician). In part one I shall analyse Sartre’s letter to Merleau-Ponty claiming that the Lecture is a self-justification of sorts and accusing him of practising the phenomenological ɛπoχη. This accusation by Sartre is evidence of a clear difference between the sartrean concept of “existential engagement” and Merleau--Ponty’s own concept of the refusal of choice. In part two, I shall try to show that ln Praise of Philosophy belongs to Merleau-Ponty’ s inquiries in phenomenology and this fact must be taken into account. The analysis of Merleau-Ponty’ s letter to Sartre explaining the Lecture clearly shows the relation between the concept of good ambiguity and the concept of engagement. At this point it becomes quite obvious that the dispute between the two philosophers is not over the meaning of engagement but indeed about the meaning of phenomenology and phenomenological ɛπoχη. I shall argue that Merleau-Ponty’s ambiguity is mainly a kind of the husserlean ɛπoχη. I shall also claim that one finds a clear echo of Husserl’ s Vienna Lecture in Merleau-Ponty’ s ln Praise of Philosophy. Finally, I shall show that both lectures are replies to unmentioned philosophers, in which both refuse to identify philosophy with political engagement or national engagement. For them, the task of philosophy is truth as engagement with humanity. (shrink)

Nel tradurre Processo e realtà è importante considerare che l'opus magnum di Whitehead ha una natura metafisica, cosmologica e sistematica. Il sitema di Whitehead è aperto; le sue categorie sono interrelate e non vanno considerate separate dall'intero del sistema metafisico. Le generalità metafisiche sono difficili da esprimere e il nostro linguaggio è fortemente limitato. Ciononostante, il traduttore di Processo e realtà deve saper cogliere le parole esatte e rigorose al fine di rendere quella vera e propria "rivoluzione linguistica" introdotta da (...) Whitehead nel suo testo. La traduzione italiana bilingue di Processo e realtà condotta da Maria Regina Brioschi ha in questo senso raggiunto un risultato eccezionale. (shrink)

En este texto planteo posiciones divergentes en torno a la problemática sexo/género mantenidas actualmente por dos autoras que asumen y rechazan respectivamente el mantenimiento del sistema sexo y género tomando como punto de análisis el lenguaje.

This paper presents an approach to the belief system based on a computational framework in three levels: first, the logic level with the definition of binary local rules, second, the arithmetic level with the definition of recursive functions and finally the behavioural level with the definition of a recursive construction pattern. Social communication is achieved when different beliefs are expressed, modified, propagated and shared through social nets. This approach is useful to mimic the belief system because the defined functions provide (...) different ways to process the same incoming information as well as a means to propagate it. Our model also provides a means to cross different beliefs so, any incoming information can be processed many times by the same or different functions as it occurs is social nets. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Klio Jahrgang: 98 Heft: 2 Seiten: 734-741.

Este trabajo es una serie de reflexiones personales acerca de la problemática dialéctica en Platón y Agustín, como también su proyección sobre el pensamíento actual. Fundamentalmente quisiera rescatar algunos conceptos a los que prestar especial atención: contingencia, apariencia, dualidad y negación que, aunque com diferentes alcances aparecen tanto en Platón como en Agustin, para culminar finalmente en la filosofia hegeliana. Por eso, he dividido mi ponencia en cuatro partes. Primero una introducción general, segundo, el tema de la dialéctica desde la (...) lógica clásica, tercero el análisis de la dialéctica en Platón y en Agustín para, finalmente, proyectar algunas ideas e interpretaciones en función dei pensamiento y la realidad dei mundo actual. (shrink)

El viaje ha tenido un papel fundamental en la azarosa supervivencia humana, sin embargo nuestro paradigma es rico en quietudes y pautas fijas. De pronto, los escenarios se trastocan, sobreviene la crisis y nada será como era entonces. Todos estamos en tránsito, de conocimientos, de aprendizajes, de identidades, todos estamos forzados a ser migrantes, aunque la cabeza y el corazón intenten apegarse a una concepción del mundo y de la vida que pertenece a otra época ya pasada. El tercer milenio (...) le ha dado buenas razones de emergencia a una comunidad trashumante cuyo origen es la misma inestabilidad a la que tenemos que enfrentarnos. Ese flujo es el cambio de paradigma. ElYo haciéndosees un Yo siempre en tránsito hacia otra parte. Pero para generar este paisaje quieto el sistema dispone de una serie de controles. Nuestra cultura ‘reacciona’ negativamente, desconfía del nomadismo, como también del extranjero. El desorden es una noción compleja, como lo es el encuentro entre muchos azares, que son generadores del caos. (shrink)

“comprenderlo todo, no significa personarlo todo”(Peter Burke)Einstein dijo una vez con relación al destino que «el Universo no juega con nosotros a los dados». Con ello quería decir que simplemente el azar no existe, y que además se trataba de una de las más descabelladas ideas fabricadas por la mente humana. Karl G. Jung, un apasionado defensor de la Astrología, definió al destino como «aquello de nosotros mismos que no conocemos». Y es justamente esto lo que le tocaría vivir al (...) Coronel Mi.. (shrink)